At MoMA, a New Exhibition Celebrates West Africa’s Modernist Architectural Legacy

Modernist BOAD (West African Development Bank) building in Lomé, Togo, featured in MoMA’s Architects of Liberation exhibition. Photograph by François-Xavier Gbré, 2025.

In 1960, 17 African countries gained independence in what became known as the “Year of Africa.” For many of these newly sovereign nations, political freedom was only the beginning. They were confronted with what an independent African nation actually looked like, a question that stretched beyond governance and infrastructure into the continent’s creative life: art, […]

The Index Is the Institution

Designed hero graphic for The Sovereign Stack Part Three, "The Index Is the Institution," showing a 2026 timeline of AI content and provenance laws being set elsewhere — California's content-marking law, the UK's licensing-first position, and the EU AI Act on 2 August — against an empty African-governed standards track marked "No enforceable standard yet."

Ask a machine where to find African design and it will answer without hesitation. It returns names, a few studios, an archive or two, a marketplace. The answer arrives as though it were a window onto everything that exists. It is closer to a door that someone else hung, opening onto the rooms they chose […]

Aṣọ-Òkè: The Cloth We Inherit

Akinola Lasekan's 1957 oil portrait of Chief Justus D. Akeredolu in a red striped aṣọ-òkè agbada, patterned fila cap and coral beads

I am standing before a portrait in Nigerian Modernism, the survey at Tate Modern. It is Akinola Lasekan’s 1957 oil of Justus D. Akeredolu. Lasekan and Akeredolu were both first-generation Nigerian modernists who once shared a studio in Lagos, and Akeredolu is remembered as the pioneer of Yoruba thorn carving, so the painter here is […]

Love Has Become Bad Manners

Eugénie and François Odouffan and a younger couple in the living-room set of Michel Odouffan’s Generational Love

Hasna and Ryan kept giving themselves away, a shoulder leaning in, a collar fixed with a care no collar has ever needed, their bodies doing what bodies do before pride gets involved. Nobody in the room minded that the two of them wanted each other; the discomfort was that the wanting kept showing on their […]

Generational Love

Generational Love sets two couples in Michel Odouffan’s childhood living room and asks them to do the one thing we have trained ourselves out of: to be obvious about wanting each other. Against wax-print backdrops and a familiar red sofa, the newer couple lets the wanting spill over — a hand, a kiss, a head […]